Answer:
1. Odd ratio:
- Advantages: May be reported in cohort studies, case-control designs and clinical trials.
- Disadvantages: Bad estimation of the risk in situations where the initial risk is high. Difficult to interpret.
2. Relative risk:
- Advantages: Easy to interpret.
- Disadvantages: Not available for case-control designs. Adjustment of the covariance is a hard task.
Explanation:
An odds ratio is a statistical measure used to compare the relative odds of the event/outcome (disease or disorder) with respect to a given variable of interest (e.g. medical history). An odd ratio may be interpreted as though it was a relative risk and therefore this value may lead to error. On the other hand, a relative risk (RR) is a statistic that measures the ratio between the likelihood of an event in an exposed group (disease or disorder) with respect to the likelihood of an event in an unexposed comparison group. Both statistics compare the relative probability of an event/outcome between two comparison groups. The relative risk can not be used in case-control designs because information about the total number of exposed people is not available.
Answer:
Whole grains are grains that have their entire kernel (bran, endosperm and germ) intact therefore retaining valuable nutrients. Refined grains on the other hand are grains that have been milled and stripped off parts of their kernel therefore lowering their nutritional quality.
Explanation:
<u>Amygdala</u>
The neural center in the limbic system that plays a central role in emotions such as aggression and fear is <u>amygdala.</u>
<h3>Amygdala</h3>
- The name "amygdala" relates to the structure's almond-like form.
- The left and right amygdalae, which are situated immediately adjacent to the hippocampus, are crucial to how we react emotionally, including how we feel pleasure, fear, anxiety, and anger.
<h3>What is the limbic system?</h3>
- The limbic system is the area of the brain that controls human behavior and emotions, especially when it comes to behaviors like feeding, reproducing, and raising offspring as well as fight-or-flight reactions.
- The limbic system's components are hidden deep inside the brain, above the brainstem and below the cerebral cortex.
- The hippocampus and the amygdala are two of the limbic system's key components, along with the thalamus, hypothalamus (which produces vital hormones and regulates appetite, thirst, mood, etc.), and basal ganglia (which processes rewards, forms habits, moves, and learns).
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Diverticulitis occurs when pouches protrude from the colon's wall and become infected and inflamed.
<h3>What are the symptoms of Diverticulitis?</h3>
Over time, the inflammation can cause a bowel obstruction, resulting in constipation, thin stools, diarrhea, bloating, and abdominal pain.
Diverticular disease and diverticulitis symptoms include: constant, severe tummy pain; a high temperature; and diarrhoea or constipation.
Thus, Diverticulitis occurs when pouches protrude from the colon's wall and become infected and inflamed.
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I'm confused sorry could you explain a little more
