Some causes could be the mother smoking, drinking, doing drugs etc. Or even simply her body doesn’t fully accept the baby growing inside her so it acts out against it. Sounds strange but it happens. Also if the mother is sick with Zika or another virus, it can harm the baby’s growth.
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Humans impact the physical environment in many ways: overpopulation, pollution, burning fossil fuels, and deforestation. Changes like these have triggered climate change, soil erosion, poor air quality, and undrinkable water.
I am not sure what the answer(s) for, "which is not a major function of the kidney?" is but I can guess that your answer for that question might be, regulation of blood cell size. Also, the normal ph range of urine in humans is 6! I hope this helps!
In regards to this question, there are no specific options provided to choose from. So i will try and answer as perfectly as possible from my knowledge. Hope it will be of help to you. Optical telescopes tend to have a magnifying lens located near the large opening at the opposite end of the eye pice through which a person looks.