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Luba_88 [7]
3 years ago
14

Solve the following initial-value problem, showing all work, including a clear general solution as well as the particular soluti

on requested (Label the Gen. Sol. and Particular Sol.). Write both solutions in EXPLICIT FORM (solved for y). x dy/dx = x^3 + 2y subject to: y(2) = 6
Mathematics
1 answer:
Vikki [24]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

General Solution is y=x^{3}+cx^{2} and the particular solution is  y=x^{3}-\frac{1}{2}x^{2}

Step-by-step explanation:

x\frac{\mathrm{dy} }{\mathrm{d} x}=x^{3}+3y\\\\Rearranging \\\\x\frac{\mathrm{dy} }{\mathrm{d} x}-3y=x^{3}\\\\\frac{\mathrm{d} y}{\mathrm{d} x}-\frac{3y}{x}=x^{2}

This is a linear diffrential equation of type

\frac{\mathrm{d} y}{\mathrm{d} x}+p(x)y=q(x)..................(i)

here p(x)=\frac{-2}{x}

q(x)=x^{2}

The solution of equation i is given by

y\times e^{\int p(x)dx}=\int  e^{\int p(x)dx}\times q(x)dx

we have e^{\int p(x)dx}=e^{\int \frac{-2}{x}dx}\\\\e^{\int \frac{-2}{x}dx}=e^{-2ln(x)}\\\\=e^{ln(x^{-2})}\\\\=\frac{1}{x^{2} } \\\\\because e^{ln(f(x))}=f(x)]\\\\Thus\\\\e^{\int p(x)dx}=\frac{1}{x^{2}}

Thus the solution becomes

\tfrac{y}{x^{2}}=\int \frac{1}{x^{2}}\times x^{2}dx\\\\\tfrac{y}{x^{2}}=\int 1dx\\\\\tfrac{y}{x^{2}}=x+cy=x^{3}+cx^{2

This is the general solution now to find the particular solution we put value of x=2 for which y=6

we have 6=8+4c

Thus solving for c we get c = -1/2

Thus particular solution becomes

y=x^{3}-\frac{1}{2}x^{2}

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