Question

Vertical shift or horizontal shift? Do both have the same effect? 1. f(x)+k 2. f(x+k)

Answer 1

No, they do not.
In mathematics, the placing of parentheses is everything. These two that you have written above, are not the same.

Hope this helps!!
Brooke

Answer 2

1. Vertical shift, when k is outside of the parenthesis it indicates the translation up or down. Positive k is up and negative k is down.

2. Horizontal shift, when k is inside of the parenthesis it indicates the translation left or right. BE CAREFUL: positive k is left and negative k is right. Don’t get these mixed up