Answer:
The various steps in the transcription and translation process of protein synthesis are described below.
Explanation:
Proteins (made up of amino acids) have an important role in the various functioning process of an organism. Protein synthesis which takes place in the cells of an organism consists of two major processes: transcription (DNA to RNA) and translation (RNA to protein).
Transcription: It is the first process in protein synthesis which occurs in the cell nucleus where a single-stranded messenger RNA (mRNA) is created using a DNA strand and the genetic instructions in DNA are transferred to this mRNA. The steps in transcription are initiation, elongation, and termination. The beginning process known as initiation occurs when an enzyme RNA polymerase binds to a promoter (region of a gene) and the DNA unwinds. One of the DNA strands acts as a template and the enzyme reads the bases in the template DNA strand.
The next step is elongation, where the RNA polymerase builds a strand of mRNA by the addition of nucleotides using complementary base pairs. Here, adenine (A) in the DNA binds to uracil (U) in the RNA. Termination is the last step in which the transcription process ends when the RNA polymerase comes across a termination sequence in the gene. Thus, the completed single-stranded mRNA detaches from DNA.
Translation: It is the second process in protein synthesis which occurs in the ribosome of the cell where the genetic information in mRNA is used to create a protein from amino acids. A triplet of nucleotides is called a codon and they define amino acids. There are 64 possible codons and the codon, AUG acts as the start codon which initiates translation in addition to specifying the amino acid methionine. In the initiation step, the first amino acid in the polypeptide chain is brought by transfer RNAs (tRNAs) to bind to the start codon of mRNA. During elongation, each type of tRNAs in the cytoplasm bound to a specific codon on the mRNA template and adds the corresponding amino acid to the polypeptide chain. Stop codons (UAA, UAG, or UGA) terminate protein synthesis and release the polypeptide.
Cytokine release syndrome might lead to the dysfunction of multiple organs. It is widely seen in Covi-19 patients.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Cytokine release syndrome arises when cytokines are released in a large number in our blood. This release takes place from our immune system. Cytokines are secreted by one cell and affect other cells. It causes inflamation.
In the case of Covi-19 it has been observed that Cytokine release syndrome plays a major role in affecting our immunity. So it is of utmost importance to study CRS in such patients. Cytokine release syndrome develops mostly after a viral infection in the body.
Answer:
Global warming is a change in the earth's climate which makes it heat up. While the greenhouse effect is a natural process that always is happening because of sunlight and the atmosphere.
I hope this is easy enough.
Answer: It is supported by hypotheses, repeated tests and law from one or more fields of science.
Explanation:
In the context of science, a theory is a well-established explanation for scientific data. Theories typically cannot be proven, but they can become established if they are tested by several different scientific investigators.
Hello Kenzie,
Logically each of the statements seem right except the first one A for the reason it doesn't sound right and its not how politics work. With this said im thiinking A is the answer
