Answer:
A) The two strands of a DNA molecule are parallel and complementary.
Explanation:
DNA is a polymer of nucleotide and this nucleotide are made up of a deoxyribose sugar molecule, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group. In DNA genetic information of the cell is stored in the form of nitrogenous bases.
DNA is double-stranded and both the strands run anti-parallel with each other. This anti-parallel orientation provides the nitrogenous base of one strand to form hydrogen bonds with the nitrogenous base present on the opposite strand.
In DNA adenine base pairs with thymine with two hydrogen bonds and guanine base pairs with cytosine with three hydrogen bonds. So the false statement is A.
Hormones glucagon and insulin are produced in the alpha and beta cells respectively in the Islet of Langerhan in the pancreas. They are involved in the negative feedback system of blood glucose regulation in homeostasis.
GLUCAGON: when there is a low blood glucose concentration, the pancreas detect this and alpha cells produce and release glucagon. Glucagon causes the cells of the body to absorb less glucose from the blood. It also inhibits the process of converting glucose into glycogen (glycogenesis) and cause gluconeogenesis (process of converting amino acids/proteins and lipids/fats into glucose) and glycogenolysis (conversion of glycogen to glucose). Finally, glucagon decreases the rate of respiration so less glucose is required.
INSULIN: when blood glucose is high, insulin is released. Insulin binds with cell surface receptors of cells and activates the enzymes attached to the receptor. The enzymes cause a conformational change in the structural proteins that surround glucose transport protein containing vesicles, causing them to move out of the way so the vesicles migrate up to the cell membrane and glucose transport proteins can fuse with it. Thus, more glucose can be taken in by cells. Insulin also cause glycogenesis (converting glucose into glycogen) and inhibits gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis.
Basically insulin decreases blood glucose concentration (eg. after eating) and glucagon increases it (eg. skipping breakfast in the morning)
Answer:
The shape of an enzyme also depends on its temperature. When enzymes get too warm, they get too loose. And when they get too cold, then they get too tight. <u> Since the function of this enzyme depends on its temperature, the chemical reaction will only take place when the temperature is just right.</u>
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<u>Hope this helped</u>
The tilt of the earth's axis, which essentially "turns" certain parts of earth so that some parts receive more direct sunlight
