<h3><u>Answer;</u></h3>
- Catabolism is the process in which complex substances are broken down, yielding a net output of energy
- Metabolism is an integrated system in which many of the same reactions participate in degradative (catabolic) and biosynthetic (anabolic) pathways.
<h3><u>Explanation</u>;</h3>
- Metabolism is the chemical processes occurring within a living cell or organism that are necessary for the maintenance of life. In metabolism some substances are broken down to yield energy for vital processes while other substances, necessary for life, are synthesized.
- Catabolism is the metabolic breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones, resulting in a release of energy. These reactions are exothermic.
- Anabolism involves the synthesis of polymeric biomolecules and complex lipids from monomers such as fatty acids and nucleotides. Anabolic reactions are endothermic.
a. parsimony; simplest; fewest
When selecting among multiple possible phylogenetic trees that fit our data, we commonly use the principle of <u>parsimony</u>, which means we choose the <u>simplest</u> possible hypothesis. In phylogenetic analysis, that means selecting the tree that represents the <u>fewest</u> evolutionary changes or mutations.
Explanation:
Phylogeny describes the evolutionary history of on organism or group of organisms.
A phylogenetic tree structure is used to describe the relationship between various organisms which have originated from common ancestors.
The Principle of Parsimony is best applied while constructing phylogenetic tree.
This principle emphasizes on simple observations on a phylogeny which requires only few changes or variations which explain for the difference between the phylogenic sequences.
This tree structure will only have few specific genetic variations or mutations or evolutionary changes which took place through new appearance of a trait or disappearance of an existing trait.
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a gentic disorder which has an impact on numerous physiological systems. PWS affected individuals (specifically babies) experience delayed growth, significant hypotonia (low muscle tone), and feeding issues. It does effect circadian rhythms in mice models.
SNORD116, often referred to as HBII-85, is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule that contributes to the alteration of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). Unlike the majority of other snoRNAs, SNORD116 is not significantly complementary to ribosomal RNA and is expressed widely in the brain (but not in PWS patients).
According to the studies, SNORD116 cause sleep defect in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome. Same observation was seen in mouse models too. Paternal expression of SNORD116 is thought to be a potential gene for the sleep disruptions/circadian rhythm’s that the majority of PWS sufferers.
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Answer:
a. lack of running water
Explanation:
The Tippy tap technology was invented to solve the issue of running water problem. This technology is designed mainly for hand washing and it is used in the rural area to solve the running water problem.
This technology technique needs only forty milliliters of water; it is less expensive and reduces the chance of transmitting diseases as the user only touches a bar of soap suspended by a string.
Answer:
I have identified <em>Escherichia coli </em>and<em> Bacillus sp.</em>
Explanation:
I obtained my sample from soil, in a park near my house. The common bacteria on soil are gram positive and gram negative.
I found rods, and some are gram positive and long. They others are gram negative and very small and short.
The color of the gram positive is a dark blue, almost purple, and they are big and abundant, they are almost in lines, so I think they are a species of <em>Bacillus.</em>
The gram negative bacteria are extremely small and they look hot pink. They are very probably enterobacteria, and the most common enterobacteria is <em>Escherichia coli</em>. They do not have a particular order of arrangement.
