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3 years ago

Describe how proteins fold, mentioning at least three rules followed by the amino acids.

1 answer:

7 0

Protein folding is determined by a variety of factors, from the amino acid composition all the way through to primary, secondary and tertiary structures of the proteins. Proteins fold in water environments, and how they fold is determined by the hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity and charge of amino acids. Amino acids that are hydrophobic will face away from water environments, while hydrophilic amino acids will face towards water environments. This gives rise to primary and secondary structures such as alpha-helices and beta-sheets. Among these are a variety of structures that form the tertiary structures. The different types of amino acids play an essential role in this, as they are the building blocks of proteins and can affect the structures of proteins because of their charge and affinity for water.

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Name two ways you can see a spectrum.

Tamiku [17]

The color spectrum from a rainbow.
The Electromagnetic spectrum from waves.

4 0

3 years ago

How are gene pool and biological evolution are related.

Blababa [14]

Answer:

the composition of a population gene can change over time through evolution

Explanation:

Nature selects

4 0

2 years ago

22. A plant geneticist is investigating the inheritance of genes for bitter taste (Su) and explosive rind (e) in watermelon (Cit

mylen [45]

Answer:

See the answer below

Explanation:

Using the formula for calculating Chi square ( $X^2$ ):

$X^2$ = $\frac{(O - E)^2}{E}$ where O = observed frequency and E = expected frequency.

The observed frequencies for the four phenotypes are 88, 62, 62, and 81 respectively.

For the expected frequency, the phenotypes are supposed to assort in 9:3:3:1 according to Mendel ratio.

Hence, expected frequencies are calculated as:

phenotype (1) = 9/16 x 293 = 164.81

phenotype (2) = 3/16 x 293 = 54.94

phenotype (3) = 3/16 x 293 = 54.94

phenotype (4) = 1/16 x 293 = 18.31

The $X^2$ is calculated thus:

Phenotype O E $X^2$

1 88 164.81 $\frac{(88 - 164.81)^2}{164.81}$ = 35.80

2 62 54.94 $\frac{(62 - 54.94)^2}{54.94}$ = 0.91

3 62 54.94 $\frac{(62 - 54.94)^2}{54.94}$ = 0.91

4 81 18.31 $\frac{(81 - 18.31)^2}{18.31}$ = 214.64

Total $X^2$ = 35.80 + 0.91 + 0.91 + 214.64 = 252.26

To the nearest tenth = 252

Degree of freedom = n - 1 = 4- 1 = 3

$X^2$ tabulated = 7.815

<em>The calculated </em> $X^2$ <em> exceeds the critical value, hence, the null hypothesis is rejected. The two genes did not assort independently. </em>

4 0

3 years ago

In the onion root tip cells, which of the following would be evidence of cytokinesis?

koban [17]

The study of onion root tips is widely known for the clear appearance of the stages of mitosis since the chromosomes are large and are clearly visible. They are easily stained with the stainer and are visible clearly under the electron microscope. The phase of mitosis are

Interphase

Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase and

Cytokinesis

Each of these phases show the different stages in which the division of one cell into two daughter cells takes place. The cytokinesis is the final phase in the mitosis cell division. This is the part of cell division process during which the cytoplasm of the cell divides into two equal parts and forms into two daughter cells.

During the cytokinesis process, the spindle apparatus partitions and transports the duplicated chromatids and moves into the cytoplasm of the dividing daughter cells. In this process a dividing structure called the cell plate is formed to distinguish the daughter cells. This cell plate later grows into a double layered cell wall which then splits the parent cell into two separate cells.

Hence the option D is the right answer

3 0

3 years ago

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What is the formal mechanism that forces human conduct to adhere to standardized rules and norms help meee

GalinKa [24]

Answer:

Law

Explanation:

The human instincts are a product of natural biological phenomenons which define and construct human behaviors. The standardized rules and norms of the society are formed by the society and is generally very open for interpretation.

People learn from looking at other people and adapt to the most common social behaviors. That is how they adhere to the standardized norms and rules of the society.

Therefore laws help in standardization

I hope the answer is helpful.

Thanks.

7 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers