Needle like leaves are protective by nature. They are protective to the branches because they deter animals from eating the leaves. This helps the plant/tree stay alive.
It is called an Ionic bond.
Answer: increase life expectancy
Chromosomes are turned on or off. Ex. genes for karatin (which makes hair) are turned on when they are on top of your head, but are turned off on the palms of your hands.
Answer:
An autotroph, turned into energy then waste.