Whatever% of anything is just (whatever/100) * anything.
therefore, if an item has been discounted by 40%, the discounte is that 40%, what is 40% of the price "p"? (40/100) * p or 0.4p.
therefore, if an item has been discounted by 40%, the discounte is that 40%, what is 40% of the price "p"? (40/100) * p or 0.4p.