The synthesis of protein takes place in two basic steps: transcription and translation. At the time of transcription, the information encrypted in DNA is reproduced in mRNA and the mRNA moves out of the cell's nucleus into the cytoplasm. After this the process of protein synthesis, that is, translation takes place. The following are the steps for protein synthesis:
1. RNA polymerase unzips DNA and free RNA nucleotides join DNA to form mRNA.
2. mRNA is transported from the nucleus of the cell to the ribosomes of the cell.
3. mRNA joins the ribosome, and the anticodons from tRNA join mRNA to produce a chain of amino acids.
4. A chain of amino acids is formed from peptide bonds, creating a protein.
5. Once the protein is made, the gene for a particular trait is expressed.