Answer:
Causal association is defined as two events in which one event leads to the cause/development of the second event such as the consumption of trans-fats and the onset of heart disease. In order to show the causal association, it is necessary to ensure that the 3 criteria of temporality, consistency, and strength are satisfied with respect to the relationship between consumption of trans fats and heart disease. According to this example involving the relationship between trans-fats and heart disease, temporality could be satisfied if one is consuming an excessive amount of foods containing trans-fats such asFrench fries, and who then ends up suffering from heart disease. In order to fulfill the criteria of strength, statistical tests would need to be performed in order to establish that there is a positive correlation between the individuals who consume trans-fats 10 times per week are shown to develop and require treatment for heart disease 90% of the time. Lastly, consistency may be fulfilled by showing that the same results are occurring despite applying the same testing measures on different groups of individuals during various increments. By applying the same tests on different groups, the chances of creating false-positives within the study can be significantly lowered. Numerous studies can be used to determine whether meaningful statements regarding the causal relationship between two factors can be established. By performing multiple studies on individuals’ eating habits and their health outcomes, researchers may then determine whether a relationship exists between the health challenges that they are faced with and the items that they consume.
Explanation:
Since it is the hearts job to pump blood throughout the body of the organism, the circulatory system would fail and the entire organism would suffer if the heart cells stopped working properly.
Answer: the ear drum
cochlea
Explanation:
bc They send the sound waves to the inner ear and into the fluid-filled hearing organ (cochlea).
The correct answer is H+.
<span>Secretion from the peritubular capillary network into the convoluted tubules is a process called tubular secretion. This is an important process for both waste removal and acid-base balance. The secretion step is usually used to remove drugs, toxins, and poisons, or other molecules such as potassium (K+) and hydrogen (H+). The secreted molecules come from the peritubular capillaries and pass through the interstitial fluid before going through the wall of the tubule into the lumen of the tubule.</span>
D. fossils will help you discover how old the rock is, fossils would not be included in the question if the answer does not relate to them
