Answer;
C) the amount of time that the two species have been evolving apart
Explanation;
-Scientists can use relaxed-clock methods to deal with variation in the rate of the molecular clock. By measuring the patterns of evolutionary rate variation among organisms, they can also gain valuable insight into the biological processes that determine how quickly the molecular clock ticks.
- The molecular clock hypothesis states that DNA and protein sequences evolve at a rate that is relatively constant over time and among different organisms. A direct consequence of this constancy is that the genetic difference between any two species is proportional to the time since these species last shared a common ancestor. 
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Answer:  Living things are placed into groups based on both structural and functional similarities. For example, bacteria are prokaryotic cells, which means they lack a true nucleus. Cytoplasm Functions. Some of these processes include protein synthesis, the first stage of cellular respiration (known as glycolysis), mitosis, and meiosis. In addition, the cytoplasm helps to move materials, such as hormones, around the cell and also dissolves cellular waste.
Explanation:
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Photosynthesis makes a sugar for the plant, in order for photosynthesis to occur the plant needs carbon dioxide and water, and with the use of the sunlight it produces oxygen and glucose. For respiration you need glucose and oxygen which produces carbon dioxide, water and ATP(energy) for the cell. I hope this helps, I only know the first half of the question.
 
        
             
        
        
        
b) cytosine pairs with guanine in both. literally in dna replication,
<em>adenine goes with thymine</em>
<em>thymine goes with adenine</em>
<em>guanine goes with cytosine</em>
<em>cytosine goes with guanine</em>
hope this helps mina! :) <3
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Answer:
D. The oldest rock is found in the bottom layer of a rock formation.
Explanation: