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A pollutant that can reduce the amount of oxygen carried by blood is carbon monoxide.
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Amino acids, which serve as the "building blocks" of proteins, are disassembled. These tiny molecules can be absorbed through the stomach wall after being released.
<h3>Describe how the macronutrients in your diet are digested and then put back together to form the cell structure.</h3>
The principal macromolecules, from which all life is derived, are macrounits in our diet. The smaller subunits of these macromolecules must be broken down in order to be released. The circulatory system carries the digestively released components to the body's cells. These subunits serve as the building blocks for the macromolecules required for cellular structure and function, which are then put together by cells.
Proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates are examples of macromolecules.
The fact that all three macromolecules are hydrocarbons means that the majority of their atoms are made up of hydrogen and carbon.
Nitrogen atoms are found in proteins and in lipids.
Carbon atoms make up carbohydrates.
Simple carbohydrates are formed when complex carbohydrates are hydrated (by adding hydrogen and oxygen ions).
Dehydration of simple carbohydrates causes them to bind together in chains to create complex carbs. This can be reversed.
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Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energyinto chemical energy that can later be released to fuel the organisms' activities. This chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars, which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water – hence the name photosynthesis, from the Greek φῶς, phōs, "light", and σύνθεσις, synthesis, "putting together".[1][2][3] In most cases, oxygen is also released as a waste product. Most plants, most algae, and cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis; such organisms are called photoautotrophs. Photosynthesis is largely responsible for producing and maintaining the oxygen content of the Earth's atmosphere, and supplies all of the organic compounds and most of the energy necessary for life on Earth.[4]
Although photosynthesis is performed differently by different species, the process always begins when energy from light is absorbed by proteins called reaction centresthat contain green chlorophyll pigments. In plants, these proteins are held inside organelles called chloroplasts, which are most abundant in leaf cells, while in bacteria they are embedded in the plasma membrane. In these light-dependent reactions, some energy is used to strip electrons from suitable substances, such as water, producing oxygen gas. The hydrogen freed by the splitting of water is used in the creation of two further compounds that serve as short-term stores of energy, enabling its transfer to drive other reactions: these compounds are reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the "energy currency" of cells.
In plants, algae and cyanobacteria, long-term energy storage in the form of sugars is produced by a subsequent sequence of light-independent reactions called the Calvin cycle; some bacteria use different mechanisms, such as the reverse Krebs cycle, to achieve the same end. In the Calvin cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is incorporatedinto already existing organic carbon compounds, such as ribulose bisphosphate(RuBP).[5] Using the ATP and NADPH produced by the light-dependent reactions, the resulting compounds are then reducedand removed to form further carbohydrates, such as glucose.
