There is no image here so I can't answer this question based on the picture but I can say that the one of the endpoints on the new line segment needs to be congruent to one of the endpoints to the original line segment drawn. The arcs that are swung also should use the endpoints of the line segments.
So if a person has 1/8 of a pitcher then you have 8 people per pitcher. Then if you have 5 pitchers you do 5 x 8 and get 40 so 40 people will be served. Hope this helps :)
31 billion would be written like that because... there are 9 0's left, and that goes up to 10 because i turned 31 to 3.1 not 31, so that value after a decimal point adds 1