Answer:
b. False
Explanation:
FOXP2 gene is required for language and speech development and is present in all animals. It is a transcription factor which encodes for a regulatory protein. Both modern humans and Neanderthals share FOXP2 gene which differs from chimpanzee version by two amino acids. Its the different regulation of the same gene which made modern humans more capable of using language and speech. Neanderthals did use language rudiments but not completely constructed languages. There might be other speech genes involved too which differed between modern day humans and Neanderthals but not FOXP2.
The number of mitochondria per cell varies widely; for example, in humans, erythrocytes (red blood cells) do not contain any mitochondria, whereas liver cells and muscle cells may contain hundreds or even thousands. The only eukaryotic organism known to lack mitochondria is the oxymonad Monocercomonoides species.
Numerous antiepileptic medications, such phenytoin, have been designed to block voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC) in neuronal membrane. In addition, multiple toxins and pharmacological modulators work by attaching to various biophysical states of the VGSC to cause their effects. Depending on how modulatory agents act, some VGSC states are stabilized or destabilized, altering the channel's biophysical properties. The first anticonvulsant to successfully treat epileptic disorders without causing undesirable side effects such as brain drowsiness was phenytoin.
Phenytoin has been indicated to block high-frequency neuronal activity potentials from the inner vestibule of the pore, as demonstrated by electrophysiological research and site-directed mutation.
Frequency and voltage both affect phenytoin binding.
There are theories that phenytoin interferes with the late sodium current that sustains depolarizations in epilepsy by blocking non-inactivated channels.
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ATP
NADPH
O2
Are the products formed
