Answer: The Iron Curtain formed the imaginary boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of World War II in 1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1991. The term symbolized efforts by the Soviet Union to block itself and its satellite states from open contact with the West and non-Soviet-controlled areas.
The cases mentioned are related to:
- The First Amendment (Engel v Vitale, and Tinker v. Des Moines)
- The Fourth Amendment (Mapp v. Ohio)
Mapp v. Ohio (1957): This case is related to the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution because Dollree Mapp was the victim of an illegal police search. They illegally forced the door of her house and entered without her consent.
Additionally, she was detained arbitrarily for having objects considered obscene. This case is related to the Fourth Amendment because this amendment establishes the protection of citizens against arbitrary searches and apprehensions.
On the other hand, Engel v. Vitale: This case is related to the First Amendment to the United States Constitution because it prohibits the creation of any norm that limits or prevents the free practice of freedom.
In this case, the New York State Board of Regents was violating this amendment because they approved a rule to implement prayer in public schools which affected students who did not have religious beliefs or those who did not practice Christianity.
Tinker v. Des Moines: This case is related to the First Amendment because Moines institution violates the First Amendment because some of its students were making use of their right to free expression wanted to show their rejection of the Vietnam War through a bracelet, and the school prohibited it. Based on the foregoing, it can be inferred that the institution violated the First Amendment by prohibiting free expression for students.
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The War of 1812 (1812–1815) was a conflict fought between the United States, the United Kingdom, and their respective allies. Historians in Britain often see it as a minor theatre of the Napoleonic Wars; in the United States and Canada, it is seen as a war in its own right.
