In hypothesis testing the claim that we have to test always goes into alternative hypothesis. The null hypothesis is negation of claim.
Here the claim to be tested is James bond can taste the difference between a martini that is shaken and one that is stirred.
So negation of this claim is James bond can not taste the difference between a martini that is shaken and one that is stirred.
So the null hypothesis for given experiment is
Null hypothesis: James bond can not taste the difference between a martini that is shaken and one that is stirred.
Alternative hypothesis: James bond can taste the difference between a martini that us shaken and one that is stirred.
For the second problem the answer D, -9, -11
Answer:
Let C be the cost price of the article. Then:
C(1+30%)=marked price
So:
C(1+30%)=C(1.3)
=1.3C
If the article is then marked down 35%, then its’ price would be:
1.3C(1–35%)=1.3C(.65)
=0.845 or 84.5% of its’ cost
Then:
0.845–1=-0.155
or, a 15.5% loss on the item
Add 1 to both sides:

In cases like this, we have to remember that a root is always positive, so we can square both sides only assuming that

Under this assumption, we square both sides and we have

The solutions to this equation are

But since we can only accept solutions greater than -1, we discard
and accept
.
In fact, we have

and

which is the only solution.
1250 lbs of sand.
So first let's find the volume of the sand in the sandbox. You have a square sandbox, with a side length of 5, meaning you have a length and width of 5. You also have half a foot of sand in the sandbox, meaning that you have a height of 0.5. To find the volume of the sand, multiply the length by the width by the height:

So you have 12.5 cubic feet of sand. If each cubic foot of sand is 100 lbs, then you just multiply the two: