The outer skeleton provides protection due to the fact that invertebrates do not have backbones
Answer:
The cells of the body's surface form the outer layer of skin. Inside the body, epithelial cells form the lining of the mouth and alimentary canal and protect these organs. Epithelial tissues help in absorption of water and nutrients
The brain is protected by the bones of the skull and by a covering of three thin membranes called meninges. The brain is also cushioned and protected by cerebrospinal fluid. This watery fluid is produced by special cells in the four hollow spaces in the brain, called ventricles.
Explanation:
Answer:
Steps in correct sequence:
B) – D) – A) – E) –C) – F)
Explanation:
Cell-mediated immunity is a particular adaptive immune response. This type of immune response fight against intracellular infections such as viruses, some bacteria, fungi, and Plasmodium. Cell- mediated immune response is activated by TH1 cells.
Steps in correct sequence given below:
B) Antigen is engulfed and presented by a macrophage.
D) T cells with specific receptors recognize the antigen.
A) Several cycles of mitosis occur.
E) T cells differentiate into cytotoxic T cells or T memory cells.
C) Cytotoxic T cells migrate to focus of infection.
F) Cytotoxic T cells release perforin and/or lymphotoxin.