9(7+2) His neighbor is out of town for nine days and he gets paid for these things every day so you would put the nine outside of the parentheses. You put seven plus two inside the parentheses because he is paid the sum of these numbers every day his neighbor is gone.
It is a cause because the effect is America entering the World War. They "found" the Zimmerman Note and got "angry" because they were teaming up as an alliance against America.