Marcus Garvey was an orator for the Black Nationalism and Pan-Africanism movements, to which end he founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League. Garvey advanced a Pan-African philosophy which inspired a global mass movement, known as Garveyism.
Nullification Crisis was caused by the introduction of a series of protective tariffs. ... The 1828 Tariff of Abominations which sparked the Nullification Crisis was the third protective tariff implemented by the government.