From what I remember, c is the correct answer.
Geographic/geography affect the civilization in many ways. And example is climate, the climate controls how your crops can grow.
They turned to the sea professions beacuse if you live near the sea and the desert its obvious that you should go towards the sea, to maintain a local economy and keep a population steady
It is not true because we can see earth with other things
Establishment of new schools and colleges.
Boost of morale.
Political unification of India.
Growth of nationalism.