Answer:
Natural selection leads to evolution due to the way reproduction works. In the example of European moths during the industrial revolution, we can see this clearly. When the industrial revolution was going, there was more pollution, hence darkening the skies and leaving ash. Moths, which before were white with occasional black spots dominated the area until pollution effected their environment. Whiter moths were eaten by bird who could easily see them against the black trees and skies. These moths could no longer reproduce, they were dead. Moths with more black could survive longer to reproduce because they were harder to see. As time went along, the moths turned mostly black, showing an example of evolution.
Explanation:
The molecule is the smallest unit of the substance that retains its characteristic properties. The macromolecule is such a unit but is considerably larger than the ordinary molecule, which usually has a diameter of less than 10 angstroms (10−6 mm).
Answer:
The correct answer would be option C.
Plants evolved different methods to prevent or reduce the effects of photorespiration.
The C3 plants are the most common plants which do not have any special methods or physiology to prevent photorespiration.
The C4 are the plants in which carbon fixation and the Calvin cycle takes place in different cells. Carbon is fixed in the mesophyll cells with the help of PEP carboxylase enzyme. It fixes carbon and converts PEP into oxaloacetate. The Calvin cycle takes place in the bundle-sheath cells.
In contrast, CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism) plants are those in which carbon fixation and Calvin cycle are separated into time. The carbon is fixed during the night as it helps in reducing the loss of water through transpiration.
The Calvin cycle takes place during the day time in the same cell, that is, mesophyll cell.
Answer:
<u><em>Galapagos finches</em></u><u> have various beak sizes that make foraging for food more successful.</u>
Explanation:
Organisms evolve over time due to changes in their genome. These are pontaneous, and occur in DNA at random. These changes are called mutations and form alleles or different forms of a gene.
Over time within a population, the number alleles increase the variation of the population. These variants may confer specific traits within an individual, that may confer a biological advantage.
Thus, the trait may make the organisms more capable of obtaining food, shelter a mate etc. or ensure survival, i.e. they are able to pass on their genes to the next generation.
Answer:
D. Psychrophile
Explanation:
Psychrophiles or cryophiles are a type of extremophiles i.e. they live in extreme environment. They grow well in low temperatures ranging from -20 to +10 degree Celsius.
Here, the bacteria was incubated at different temperatures. It did not show growth at standard incubation temperature of 37°C which indicates that it might be an extremophile preferring either very hot or very cold environment. But it also did not show growth at 50°C which means that it does not survive well at high temperature.
Lab bench top has generally colder surface compared to the surrounding environment and a little growth was observed there which indicates that this bacteria might require cold temperature for growth. The result was finally confirmed with abundant growth observed inside refrigerator which is only possible if it is a psychrophile.
