Answer:
Overall, life in the West was much harder. For starters, the climate was extremely dry and hot, so it was hard to adapt when moving to Western lands. (Most people travelled by wagon, which was relatively easy along the flat terrain but got tricky when they arrived at the Rocky Mountains.) The harsh conditions meant there was a lot of work to be done. Every single person had a job to be done, and there was always some chore to do. In order to just survive, the entire family needed to pitch in. On the other hand, in the East, cities were thriving and growing as well as industries. People often traveled to the West to look for more manual work.
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Answer: Alleged attacks by North Vietnam against US naval ships in the Gulf of Tonkin.
Detail:
The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution was a measure passed by US Congress that allowed the US President to make military actions, like increase troops, without formal declaration of war. It led to huge escalation of US involvement in the Vietnam War. The resolution was passed by Congress in August, 1964, after alleged attacks on two US naval ships in the Gulf of Tonkin. The key wording in the resolution said:
- <em>Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, that the Congress approves and supports the determination of the President, as Commander in Chief, to take all necessary measures to repel any armed attack against the forces of the United States and to prevent further aggression.</em>
That resolution served as a blank check for President Johnson to send troops to whatever extent he deemed necessary in pursuance of the war. Between 1964 and the end of Johnson's presidency in 1969, US troop levels in Vietnam increased from around 20,000 to over 500,000.
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