The Republicans wanted to free slaves, Democrats wanted to keep them
In post-war Japan, the United States implemented a policy of "rebuilding the nation" The Allies had learned their lesson after WWI, when they were too harsh on the losers.
Answer:
This question seems to point to the overall trajectory of US government foreign policy in the 19th century. One of the most enduring legacies of Washington's Farewell Address was the suggestion that the US government withhold from pledging permanent allegiances or alliances with foreign countries.
Explanation:
Monroe and the Farewell Address
James Monroe was the fifth president of the United States (from 1817 to 1825) and he had worked as a foreign minister and ambassador to France during Washington's government. President Monroe institution what would later be known as the Monroe Doctrine in 1823. It stated that the United States would not intervene in European affairs, thus extending the ideas of non-alliance that had been emphasized by Washington in his farewell address. There would be no intervention by the USA in European affairs so long as no one in Europe sought to colonize or otherwise interfere with the Latin American nations in the Western Hemisphere that were newly independent.
Theodore Roosevelt
If Monroe's foreign policy approach marked the consolidation of Washington's views on alliances and allegiances to foreign powers as embodied in the Farewell Address, one of the legacies of Teddy Roosevelt's presidency is that it ends this era of non-intervention and isolationism. Teddy Roosevelt was president of the United States from 1901-1909. The foreign policy endeavors undertaken by Teddy Roosevelt were not neutral or isolationist, although he continued to make claims to be non-interventionist in domestic politics because this was now an entrenched political position on the part of the United States as a whole. Roosevelt believed that the United States was becoming a world power after the Spanish–American War, so he sought ways to assert influence abroad. He mediated and hosted discussions to end the Russo-Japanese war, for example. Teddy Roosevelt is famous for using Big Stick Diplomacy so using the threat of force or strong-handed measures. He also instituted what became known as the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, which allowed the US to act a policing force in the Western Hemisphere and that European interests had to use the United States as an intermediary when taking up issues with Latin American nations.
I am going to assume here you are referring to the 'Scramble of Africa' that happened in the second half of the 19th century, as the European power did not really control the African regions before then.
The methods contexts did differ per colonising power and colonised region, but it boils down to the following factors:
- superior firepower, equipment and recourses; having better guns, armour, communication technology, and supply routes, made the Europeans a formidable enemy that the various tribes simply could not counter.
- co-opting the local elites; a tried and tested method for centuries, this has always been the way smart conquerers could maintain control over a region with minimal fuss and expenditur.
<span>- divide and conquer; conflict between the many tribes of Africa has been a constant for centuries in the continent. The Europeans could easily manipulate the various tribes against each other to prevent a unified resistance from rising up. </span>
<span>- a willingness to use extreme forms of terror; the Europeans might have been all high and mighty back home about their Enlightment and democracy, but in Africa they were more than willing to use forms of terror that would make most contemporary dictators feel a little uneasy. Case in point, the widespread killing and mutilation when quotas were not met in king Leopold II's Congo.</span>
Answer:
(C.) Trans-Saharan trade routes were primarily land based; the Silk Road was both land and sea based
Explanation:
