By injecting Mesenchymal Stem Cells with ability to express high amount of Akt or protein kinase B in myocardium, researchers witnessed restored cardiac function and inhibition of ventricular remodeling. The effect was seen after two weeks of administration of cells. The culture containing hypoxic Akt-MSCs (conditioned medium) inhibits apoptosis or cell death induced due to hypoxia. Also, it triggers in vitro contraction of cardiomyocytes, the cardiac cells specifically responsible for contraction function.
The desired functional improvement can occur in short time which is less than 72 hours, the reason for which was hypothesized as paracrine action of cells. Hypothesis was proved by upregulation of genes that code for factors responsible for above mentioned effects (apoptosis and contraction). The factors are FGF-2, VEGF, HGF etc.
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Answer:
The correct answer would be - functions.
Explanation:
The structure of the skin cells and muscle cells are different and have a different number of cell organelles on their role in the body. Skin cells are a special type of cells that keep on shedding and replaced by new ones therefore they need less energy and have many mitochondria.
In contrast, muscle cells have different structures as they need a high amount of energy to make movements and therefore have lots of mitochondria in the cell.
Answer: Natural resources are Earth materials used to support life and meet the needs of people. Any organic material used by humans can be considered as a natural resource. Natural resources include oil, coal, natural gas, metals, stone, and sand. Air, sunlight, soil, and water are other natural resources.
Or
Natural resources are resources that exist without any actions of humankind.
