The Swedish Empire (Swedish: stormaktstiden, "the era of great power") refers to the Kingdom of Sweden's territorial control of much of the Baltic region during the 17th and early 18th centuries, a time when Sweden was one of the great European powers.[1] The beginning of the Empire is usually taken as the reign of Gustavus Adolphus, who ascended the throne in 1611, and the end as the loss of territories in 1721 following the Great Northern War. In Swedish history, the period is referred to as stormaktstiden, literally meaning "the Great Power era".[1]
After the death of Gustavus Adolphus in 1632, the empire was, over lengthy periods, controlled by part of the high nobility, most prominently the Oxenstierna family, acting as tutors for minor regents. The interests of the high nobility contrasted with the uniformity policy (i.e., the upholding of the traditional equality in status of the Swedish estates favoured by the kings and peasantry). In territories acquired during the periods of de facto noble rule, serfdom was not abolished, and there was also a trend to set up respective estates in Sweden proper. The Great Reduction of 1680 put an end to these efforts of the nobility and required them to return estates once gained from the crown to the king. Serfdom, however, remained in force in the dominions acquired in the Holy Roman Empire and in Swedish Estonia, where a consequent application of the uniformity policy was hindered by the treaties by which they were gained.
After the victories in the Thirty Years' War, the climax of the great power era was reached during the Second Northern War, when their primary adversary Denmark was neutralized by the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658. However, in the further course of this war as well as in the subsequent Scanian War, Sweden was able to maintain her empire only with support of her closest ally, France.[2] Charles XI of Sweden consolidated the empire and ensured a period of peace, before Russia, Saxony and Denmark started a concerted attack on his successor, Charles XII. After initial Swedish victories, Charles secured the empire for some time in the Peace of Travendal (1700) and the Treaty of Altranstädt (1706), before the Battle of Poltava (1709) finally brought the great power era of Sweden to an end.
Many experts believe that the decline of the ancient Aryan civilization was caused by environmental changes. Another theory suggests that a sharp rise in the Aryan population led to the decline.
Answer: After World War I, US President Woodrow Wilson helped to build an ... League, the United States did not officially join the League of Nations due to opposition ... The nature of the war was thus one of attrition, with each side attempting to wear ... a covenant establishing the League of Nations, which convened its first council ...
Explanation:
They argue the first event toward democratization is the threat of revolution, then creation of civil society organizations, and lastly an active middle class to provide moderation.
When the citizens demand or threaten revolution, the elites must give up some power to maintain overall power. This is step one and is then up to the creation of organizations to enforce the elites come through with their promises. The middle class aids in providing education but also a vehicle for change. They are more moderate and will not allow the system to go to the extremes of the ordinary citizens or working classes.
The correct answer is D) sharply limited free speech when it implemented the Defense of the Realm Act.
The British government sharply limited free speech when it implemented the Defense of the Realm Act.
We are talking about the difficult times in Britain's history when the English government decided to enter World EWar I. This DORA Act or Defence of the Realm Act was approved in Britain on August 8, 1914. The goal of this act was to censor all the voices it considered enemies or that critiqued the British war effort.
Of course, the Defence of the Realm Act was authoritarian. It exerted total social surveillance and control over the British people. The act conceded many powers to the English government such as take private property to be controlled by the government to support the British troops.
The reaction of anti-war activists was immediate. People like Willi Gallacher or Bertrand Russel raised their voices and protested.
