In drastic reduction, what is being described above is the process called the founder effect. The founder effect is also the other term called in which it applies the definition above. This is made when a population has been created with the means of having small numbers and not too many individuals.
Water evaporates and comes down as rain thats how the water cycle works and the carbon cycle works by oxygen being turned into carbon by humans and animals breathing and trees convert carbon back into oxygen so the cycle goes on and on