Answer:
(B) HEK cells exposed to the most hypotonic conditions will display the greatest degree of AQP5 membrane localization, allowing water to flow into the cells.
Explanation:
The function of AQP5 (an aquaporin) is to allow the water to move into or out of the cell down the concentration gradient. When placed in hypotonic solutions, the internal environment of HEK cells will be hypertonic. Water always moves from hypotonic (higher water concentration) to hypertonic (lower water concentration) solution.
Hence, the HEK cells exposed to the hypotonic conditions will localize AQP5 in their membranes to allow the water to move from out hypotonic conditions to the inner hypertonic environment.
Answer:
The movement of proteins and enzymes within a cell is facilitated by intracellular receptors.
Explanation:
Proteins and enzymes (which also are proteins) move inside the cell through intracellular receptors. These receptors are proteins capable of binding other molecules such as proteins and hormones in order to transport them to different cellular locations. Thus, intracellular receptors are key players in signaling pathways that trigger signaling events to regulate a particular function, for example, activating gene expression by transporting proteins to the nucleus.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
This is because one of its orbital shells is not filled – the one with 1 electron. This atom will, therefore, want to lose this electron – it takes less energy to do this than gain 7 electrons -- to achieve stable electron configuration. This makes this atom very reactive in a chemical reaction. Usually orbital shells of atoms begin with an S orbital shell that is filled with 2 electrons then P (x,y,z) orbital shells filled with 6 electrons total. There are also higher energy f and d orbitals that each take a maximum 10 and 14 electrons respectively. An atom is stable if its orbitals are fully filled.
A complex chemistry is most related to maintaining a stable internal environment.
As a rule of thumb, in order to improve the reliability and accuracy of an experiment, it is best if the experiment is repeated several times. The increased number of trials ensures that the readings observed have minimal random error.
