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A global catastrophic risk is a hypothetical future event which could damage human well-being on a global scale,[2] even endangering or destroying modern civilization.[3] An event that could cause human extinction or permanently and drastically curtail humanity's potential is known as an existential risk.[4]
Artist's impression of a major asteroid impact. An asteroid with an impact strength of a billion atomic bombs may have caused the extinction of the dinosaurs.[1]
Potential global catastrophic risks include anthropogenic risks, caused by humans (technology, governance, climate change), and non-anthropogenic or external risks.[3] Examples of technology risks are hostile artificial intelligence and destructive biotechnology or nanotechnology. Insufficient or malign global governance creates risks in the social and political domain, such as a global war, including nuclear holocaust, bioterrorism using genetically modified organisms, cyberterrorism destroying critical infrastructure like the electrical grid; or the failure to manage a natural pandemic. Problems and risks in the domain of earth system governance include global warming, environmental degradation, including extinction of species, famine as a result of non-equitable resource distribution, human overpopulation, crop failures and non-sustainable agriculture.
Examples of non-anthropogenic risks are an asteroid impact event, a supervolcanic eruption, a lethal gamma-ray burst, a geomagnetic storm destroying electronic equipment, natural long-term climate change, hostile extraterrestrial life, or the predictable Sun transforming into a red giant star engulfing the Earth.
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The Roman church became more organized like the domain, the congregation was administered by an order of authorities. An order is an association with various degrees of power. Heads of the congregation were known as the pastorate. In the early church, just men were permitted to be individuals from the ministry.
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Many soldiers living in the Andersonville Prison were subjected to inhumane living conditions.
Most of the information was made available through letters and diaries, most famously of Corporal Samuel J. Gibson, who was a union soldiers, captured an imprisoned.
While his messages mostly talked about stable health of prisoners and 'tolerable conditions' subsequent writings described a prison system that was hastily built with poor planning.
Overcrowding was rampant and of over 45,000 prisoners who lived on the 16 acres site, approx. 13,000 died.
There was never enough food to go around for the young men and sanitary conditions quickly disintegrated leading to widespread diseases.
Some people were against the purchase, they thought president jefferson overstepped his constitutional authority by buying it.
