In general, when anything is "merit based" it means that it relies strictly on the knowledge and ability of the person in question, instead of special privilege such as family connections. <span />
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The success of the French Revolution inspired people all over the world, and especially in Europe. Mobilised by the spirit of nationalism and the ideas of liberty, equality and fraternity, people rose in revolt against the absolutist autocratic State and strived to install democracy as the new form of Government
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Realpolitik refers to C. the concept that political decision about foreign engagement have to be based on preserving the interests of your country above all.
The concept of <em>realpolitik</em> was coined by German politician and writer Ludwig von Rochau in the 19th century. This term, also referred as <em>Pragmatism</em>, states that politics or diplomacy should be based on the given circumstances and particular factors, rather than on ethical or moral premises. It is also based on the idea that countries must pursue their own interests for the sake of possession and application of power.
Geography The Age of Exploration caused ideas, technology, plants, and animals to be exchanged around the world. Government Several European countries competed for colonies overseas, both in Asia and the Americas. Economics Developments during the Age of Exploration led to the origins of modern capitalism.
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