Black Death was spread mainly through the fleas on rats. Fleas would bite the infected rat, then jump onto humans, biting them and causing them to become infected. Rats were mostly found on ships than running around on land
The correct answer is C, as the Honest Leadership and Open Government Act affects lobbying in the United States as it prohibits lobbyists from giving gifts to legislators.
This law was sanctioned in 2007, during George W. Bush's administration, and, among other things, it prohibits lobbyists from giving gifts to members of Congress as a way to convince them to support their petitions.