flagellated spores
spores produced in the ascus
lack reproduction phase (they have sexual and asexual reproduction)
important in the
food industry
important in the
digestion of animals
can cause disease in plants
can cause disease in animals
more info on Ascomycota characteristics if you need: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wm-biology2/chapter/ascomycota/
bolded answers
Answer:
B. In the small intestine, carboxypeptidase attacks peptide bonds.
E. Pepsin causes the hydrolysis of some of the peptide bonds in proteins.
Explanation:
The digestion of protiens doesn't occur in mouth, it occurs at only 2 locations in GIT :
- In the stomach
- In the small intestine
Digestion of protiens start in stomach causing the stimulation of gatrin hormoone which stimulates the release of gastric juice containing HCl , Pepsinogen , Rennin (in infants). The pepsinogen is activated to pepsin by HCL and pepsin itslef, and cause hydrolysis of the peptide bonds in the protiens.
The remainder of protien digestion occurs in small intestine as a result of the action of enzymes including trypsin and peptidases. Carboxypeptidases attack the peptide bonds and result in cleavage.
<span> the answer is an antigen</span>
Atherosclerosis refers to build up of plaques in blood vessels. This leads to obstruction of blood flow which results in mortality. The plaque development occurs at endothelial cells. This research by Dai, et al., 2004 aims to understand the functional and non functional physical features of endothelial cells in condition of specific blood flow pattern. They utilized 3D flow analysis to characterize flow patterns and used "athero-prone" and "athero-protective" waveforms. These were found to represent shear stress on carotid artery that could easily develop or resist formation of atherosclerotic lesion.
The analysis of results were done via cDNA microarrays for gene expression. The effect of waveforms was also checked through different parameters like expression and localization of junctional proteins, expression of adhesion molecules and expression of proinflammatory cytokines etc. The researchers conclude presence of phenotypic alteration depending upon shear stress in atherosclerosis sensitive and resistant human arterial geometries.
Learn more about endothelial cells -
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