It's either longitude or absolute location. Sorry if these aren't correct.
The field is Taxonomy and the scientific name is
Binomial Nomenclature
Answer:
1. The population will increase as they're better adapted to their environment and have a higher survival rate due to this helpful phenotype.
2. This happens to the population because this helpful phenotype might lead to less exposure to predation in which leads to a better survival fitness for the organism.
3. This mutation continues to exist as the organisms continue to successfully reproduce into the population due to being able to survive for longer.
Answer:
it is the change in one or more genes