In the Communist Manifesto, Marx and Engels critized the 19th century industrial capitalist society. They stated that the new ruling class, the bourgoisie, exploited workers. They also briefly surveyed the transformation of Europe from a medieval economy to a capitalist economy and the social and political changes brought about by that development. They envisioned a particular mission for the class of the workers, or the proletariat , that would rise against the capitalist opression and make revolutionary changes to bring justice. In the Manifesto, they summarize what Communist ideas really are in order to dispel misinterpretations.
Petrarch was an Italian poet and scholar who paved the way for the Renaissance by re-discovering Cicero's letters. He has also been called "The Father of Humanism."
