Answer:
D. anything in the atmosphere.
Explanation:
Interphase is the longest phase which gets ready for mitosis/meiosis. It consists of G1 and G2 (which are the growth phases) and S (which synthesizes, replicates, and duplicates DNA).
A nonfunctional CD4 protein on a helper T cell would result in the helper T cell being unable to interact with a class II MHC-antigen complex
Importance of Class II MHC-Antigen complex
- CD4+ T cell-dependent immunological responses need antigen presentation restricted to MHC class II.
Professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) perform a range of functions that are essential for the generation of an effective and specific immune response.
- Dendritic cells (DCs) investigate their surroundings and gather foreign antigens, such as those derived from bacteria or viruses, before activating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to initiate adaptive immune responses against these antigens.
- The thymus' DCs and epithelial cells express (and also capture) a diverse set of self-proteins that contribute to both central and peripheral tolerance.
Recognizing the processes involved in the creation (and stability) of peptide-MHC class II complexes in APCs provides crucial information about T cellular metabolism including both normal and pathological settings.
Hence, the correct answer is option D
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If there are 250,000 kilocalories (kcal) of energy in the grasses, approximately how many kcal of energy are in the mice is 2.5 kcal.
<h3>What is Trophic degree? </h3>
This is described as the location of an organism withinside the meals chain. Energy waft withinside the atmosphere includes 10% of the electricity withinside the decrease trophic level being transferred to the following trophic degree.
- In this situation grass belongs to the primary trophic degree.
- Energy of grass (degree 1)=250c Kcal Level 2 = 10/100 * 25000Kcal = 2500 Kcal.
- Level 3 = 10/100 * 2500Kcal = 250Kcal
- Level 4=10/100*25=2.5 Kcal.
Read extra approximately Trophic level:
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By studying the composition of its volcanic rock
