Answer:
Because the vaccine is an antigen from living, weakened or killed microorganisms that activate the immune system and the body produces protective antibodies.
Answer:
mRNA interacts with ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
Explanation:
<em>The correct option would be that mRNA interacts with ribosomes in the cytoplasm.</em>
Translation involves the use of genetic codes in mRNA to synthesize amino acids that are eventually linked together by polypeptide bonds to form proteins.
<u>During translation, the mRNA synthesized in the nucleus is transported into the cytoplasm where it gets attached to the ribosome and another RNA - the tRNA. The codons on the mRNA eventually match with the anticodon of the tRNA with the later releasing the amino acid that corresponds to each codon</u>.
Hence, the correct answer out of all the options is that mRNA interacts with ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
Ans.
Diffusion, osmosis, and active transport are mechanism of cellular transport that involves movement of molecules through plasma membrane. Diffusion shows movement of small, hydrophobic particles without the help of protein molecules through cell membrane along the concentration gradient.
Osmosis involves movement of water molecules against concentration gradient (from an area of high solvent concentration to an area of low solvent concentration) through cell membrane.
Active transport shows movement of particles, against the concentration gradient, means from a region of higher to lower concentration of molecules through cell membrane. It involves transport through membrane proteins.
Thus, the part of cell, which is affected by the movement of molecules through osmosis, diffusion, and active transport is cell membrane or plasma membrane.
A mutation which occurs when a base is introduced into the DNA sequence before transcription begins will lead to frame-shift of a single base on the DNA sequence resulting in nonfunctional protein from the transcribed mRNA.
Explanation:
This change either through addition or deletion of a single base in the codon sequences of the DNA will modify the amino acid codes and will result in nonfunctional proteins after transcription.
This mutation will just result in change of a single base, i.e., it would be added either to the enhancer region or the silencer region of the sequence before the promoter which initiates transcription.
The mRNA produced due to mutated DNA sequence after the deletion or insertion point will be read as out of frame thus resulting in nonsense protein.
