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ivann1987 [24]
3 years ago
8

Briefly describe what occurs when a red blood cell is placed in water (a hypotonic solution).

Biology
1 answer:
AleksandrR [38]3 years ago
3 0
When a red blood cell is placed in water, the water molecules will enter the cell rapidly as a result of osmosis. Osmosis is the process by which molecules moves through a cell permeable membrane from the region of lower concentration to that of higher concentration.
The inside of the red blood cell is more concentrated than the water in which it is placed, so water will move into the cell via osmosis. 
This will make the cell to swell up and to burst open.<span />
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Chromosomes and DNA

Chromosomes are DNA wrapped around proteins to form an X-shaped structure.



The diagram will help you see the relationship.

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DNA - deoxyribonucleic acid (it is the genetic code that contains all the information needed to build and maintain an organism)





Chromosome Structure







Chromosome Numbers

Each organism has a distinct number of chromosomes, in humans, every cell contains 46 chromosomes. Other organisms have different numbers, for instance, a dog has 78 chromosomes per cell.

Somatic Cells - body cells, such as muscle, skin, blood ...etc. These cells contain a complete set of chromosomes (46 in humans) and are called DIPLOID.

Sex Cells - also known as gametes. These cells contain half the number of chromosomes as body cells and are called HAPLOID

Chromosomes come in pairs, called Homologous Pairs (or homologs). Imagine homologs as a matching set, but they are not exacly alike, like a pair of shoes.

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Homologous Chromosomes



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If you have XX sex chromosomes - you are female

If you have XY sex chromosomes - you are male

During fertilization, sperm cells will either contain an X or a Y chromosome (in addition to 22 other chromosomes - total of 23). If a sperm containing an X chromosome fertilizes an egg, the offspring will be female. If a sperm cell containing a Y chromosome fertilizes an egg, the offspring will be male.

Creation of a Zygote

When two sex cells, or gametes come together, the resulting fertilized egg is called a ZYGOTE

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Karyotype

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Compare the Karyotypes below













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Klinefelters Syndrome - XXY (sex chromosomes)

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