Answer:
"Bruno, trying to change the subject, asks Shmuel if he has any sisters. ... There is an tragic irony in Shmuel's statement that he wants to work with animals in a zoo, because he and the other prisoners are currently being treated like animals—lower than animals, even, as they are killed with impunity."
This is what I found online.
I have never read this book before so...
Answer:
his father works in the Navy
There are a few that aren't really supposed to be used in formal writing. contractions, for example, are supposed to be written out--"don't" becomes "do not"--because contractions are something we vocally combined to make our speech a little lazier and flowy. this makes contractions a more "casual" part of speech. interjections aren't encouraged either, because we typically make interjections in casual speech; these don't go hand in hand with formality.