Answer:
The effect of amanitin on the maximum elongation rate for the wild-type and modified RNA polymerases is that it binds to the RNA polymerases, and reduces the process of translocation which is essential for RNA synthesis that is required for RNA polymerases elongation.
Explanation:
Amanitin is a peptide that is cyclic in nature. It is repelled by water thereby making it an hydrophobic peptide.
Amanitin is a toxic peptide that is found in Amanita ( a type of mushroom).
Alpha Amanitin in particular is the one that affects the elongation rate of RNA Polymerases in the body.
When Alpha Amanitin gets into the body system, it travels straight to the liver and due to its very strong affinity for RNA polymerases, it immediately attaches itself to them.
After the attachment, Alpha Amanitin, is disturbs the bridge helix found in RNA polymerase, preventing the hindering and slowing down the proces of translocation from happening.
Once translocation is hindered, RNA is no longer synthesized. Hence, the elongation of RNA polymerases is hindered and this results in severe illness in the body such as liver failure, cytolysis of the liver
The biggest difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic is that eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and prokaryotic cells do not.
Pancreas is an endocrine gland . It secretes lipase as well. lipase breaks down fats into glycerol by the process of emulsification. it secretes hormones insulin and glucagon
<span>c. numbers of neutrons.</span><span>
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons and same number of electrons but with <span>different number of neutrons. They differ in the number of neutrons that is why they also differ in mass numbers. Since they have the same number of protons, they have the same atomic number.
For instance, when the nucleus of the isotope with a 68.926 amu, there are 30 protons and 39 neutrons in the nucleus. The best example for this is Zn (zinc-69 isotope) and Ga (gallium-69 isotope) which has 68.926 amu and 68.925 amu respectively. </span></span>
