the dominant allele is usually represented by a capital letter, while the recessive allele has a lowercase letter. Let's say that the gene for flamingo color is represented by the letter P. The pink allele is dominant, so it would get a capital P, but the purple allele is recessive, so it would get a lowercase p.
The s phase is when each chromosome has been duplicated.
I hope this helps :)
I would say that the temperate zones though they do have areas such as the Pacific NW that have significant rainfall, but relative to the tropics are apparently relatively dry since they contain most of the world's deserts like the Sahara, the Sonora and the Gobi and the Atacama for example.
For a spermatid to change into a sperm cell, it has to undergone spermatogenesis process. After this the spermatid will start to grow a living thread develop a thickened mid piece and formed an acrosome