Answer:
Alcohol fermentation
Explanation:
When oxygen availability is low, the cell can't perform aerobic respiration to breakdown glucose. Instead, anaerobic respiration must be performed. This occurs in cells which consume large amounts of energy, such as muscle cells. Anaerobic respiration produces much less energy than aerobic respiration
One type of anaerobic respiration formed by yeast is called alcohol fermentation (also called ethanol fermentation). This begins with glycolysis, where one molecule of glucose is broke down into 2 molecules of pyruvate. The energy from this reaction generates 2 molecules of ATP, and converts NAD+ to NADH.
Then, the two molecules of pyruvate are further broke down into 2 acetaldehydes (releasing two molecules of carbon dioxide as a by-product). These two molecules of acetaldehyde are then converted into tw molecules of ethanol, using the H ions from NADH, converting it back to NAD+. See the attached picture
This process is taken advantage of to brew beer and wine.
Answer:
Explanation:
infectious diseases can spread in a variety of ways: through the air, from direct or indirect contact with another person, soiled objects, skin or mucous membrane, saliva, urine, blood and body secretions, through sexual contact, and through contaminated food and water.
Hope it helps
Answer:
B. A small fraction of the energy is transferred to higher trophic levels, majority stays in the lower trophic levels
Explanation:
Energy transfer between trophic levels is insufficient. When an organism is eaten by another organism, not all of the biomass of prey forms the biomass of the predator. Majority of the energy is released into environment during cellular respiration. Some of the matter also remains undigested and is not used by the predator. Thus, only 10% of energy available at one level is transferred to the next level. So when we keep on moving up in a food chain, energy available keeps on decreasing.
Answer:
translation
Explanation:
Translation takes place at a ribosome in the cytoplasm. During translation, the genetic code in mRNA is read to make a protein.
