I believe it is D legal challenges through the court
Johnson announced that he would not run for a reelection, and that's when Humphrey decided to run, launching his campaign for presidency right after. Considering that he was loyal to Johnson's administration policies considering the Vietnam War, his own party disliked the idea of him running and they opposed to it, since they disagreed on how Johnson was dealing with it all.
An amendment is a change to the Constitution. The first ten amendments to the Constitution became known as the Bill of Rights. These first amendments were designed to protect individual rights and liberties, like the right to free speech and the right to trial by jury.
I'm pretty sure it was the Spanish conquering South America, and exploiting its resources. Hope this helps.