b. phosphate. The polar head of a phospholipid is negatively charged and is made up of phosphate molecules. This polar head region attracts water (hydrophilic) and is positioned outward to interact with water.
The chemical formula would be CTGA or any of the combinations of the four nitrogenous bases The nucleotide is made up of four bases which makes it a tetranucleotide and the arrangement of each bases create a linear geometry.
In each glycolytic pathway, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase produces 1 molecules of NADH as a result of reduction of NAD+.
Pyruvate dehydrogenase converts pyruvate to Acetyl CoA producing 1 molecule of NADH per pyruvate oxidized.
In Kreb's cycle, isocitrate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase reactions produce 1 molecule of NADH each. Furthermore, succinate dehydrogenase reaction produces a single molecule of FADH2 per FAD reduced.
Since, we began with 2 molecules of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, we multiply the above figures by 2 and get a total of 10 NADH and 2 FADH2.
It goes up and up and up with the idea they have unlimited resources and no threat, so it is basically like nothing ever dying and the population just going up at a unlogical rate