1.They call it “cognitive flexibility.” It uses two skills—flexible thinking and set shifting. Flexible thinking is when kids are able to think about something in a new way.
2. Their thinking is so rigid that anything that doesn't meet their expectations gives them anxiety.
The central idea is the same as the main idea. Most of the time, the main idea is mentioned in the Title. Without reading the essay, I do not know what the central/main idea is.