Answer and Explanation:
The steps of the sliding filament theory are:
Muscle activation: breakdown of energy (ATP) by myosin.
Before contraction begins, myosin is only associated with a molecule of energy (ATP), which myosin breaks down into its component molecules (ADP + P) causing myosin to change shape.
Muscle contraction: cross-bridge formation
The shape change allows myosin to bind an adjacent actin, creating a cross-bridge.
Recharging: power (pulling) stroke
The cross-bridge formation causes myosin to release ADP+P, change shape, and to pull (slide) actin closer to the center of the myosin molecule.
Relaxaction: cross-bridge detachment
The completion of the pulling stroke further changes the shape of myosin. This allows myosin and ATP to bind, which causes myosin to release actin, destroying the cross-bridge. The cycle is now ready to begin again.
The repeated cycling through these steps generates force (i.e., step 2: cross-bridge formation) and changes in muscle length (i.e., step 3: power stroke), which are necessary to muscle contraction.
Heat energy is absorbed when boiling point comes
Answer:
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Explanation:
The classes of chordata which are warm-blooded are birds and mammals.
Explanation:
Warm-blooded animals are those which can maintain their body temperature at a constant.
These classes of chordates balance their internal body temperature with that of the outer environment. When the outer environment is cold, they increase their internal temperature by producing more heat; and when it is hot outside they reduce their internal temperature by cooling themselves.
The food consumed by a warm-blooded animal fuels to maintain a constant body temperature and hence they require more food.
Warm blooded animals cool themselves with the help of sweat glands.
The skin and other parts like fur in birds help to keep the animals warm during winter. Birds also shed their fur in hot season to keep them light. Birds migrate to warm regions during winter.
These animals have high stamina and energy to survive environmental changes. They maintain their temperature through endothermy, homeothermy or tachymetabolism.
Whale living in water is the fish which is also warm blooded because it is a mammal.
<h3>{Differences in Physical Characteristics}</h3>
Vertebrates have a skeletal structure with a spinal column or backbone.Invertebrates have no backbone, while vertebrates have a well-developed internal skeleton of cartilage and bone and a highly developed brain that is enclosed by a skull.
Explanation:
<h3>{Invertebrates}</h3>
•Invertebrates do not possess a backbone not an internal skeleton.
•Invertebrates have an exoskeleton.
•Body size varies but most are generally smaller than vertebrates. However, some invertebrates grow to gigantic proportions – such as the colossal squid (46 feet in length).
<h3>{Vertebrates}</h3>
•Vertebrates possess a backbone and an internal skeleton.
•Vertebrates do not possess an exoskeleton.
•Generally, vertebrates are comparatively larger than invertebrates
