All of the liquid molecules in cell membranes amphipathic (or amphiphilic) -that is, they have a hydrophilic ("water loving") or polar end and a hydrophobic ("water fearing") or nonpolar end. The most abundant membrane lipids are the phospholipids. These have a polar head group and two hydrophobic hydrocarbon tails.
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The answer is D. Always true in all places
Answer:
Option A: True
Explanation:
Insectivorous birds such as bluebirds, dippers and flycatchers prefer to eat medium-sized insects. This is because like most birds, they love easy and satisfying meals. To the birds, a medium-sized insect is a good compromise because it is quite easy to chew and digest and at the same time, easy to find.
As a result, most insectivorous birds prefer to get their daily ration of proteins from the medium-sized birds.
Answer:
A. NADH and FADH2 both donate electrons at the same location.
Explanation:
In the respiratory chain, four large protein complexes inserted into the mitochondrial inner membrane transport NADH and FADH₂ electrons (formed in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle) to oxygen gas, reducing them to NAD⁺ and FAD, respectively.
These electrons have great affinity for oxygen gas and, when combined with it, reduce it to water molecules at the end of the reaction.
Oxygen gas effectively participates in cellular respiration at this stage, so its absence would imply interruption of the process.
NADH and FADH₂ electrons, when attracted to oxygen, travel a path through protein complexes, releasing energy in this process.
The energy released by the NADH and FADH₂ electrons in the respiratory chain in theory yields <u>34</u> <u>ATP</u>, however, under normal conditions an average of 26 ATP molecules is formed.
If we consider that these 26 molecules are added to the two ATP formed in glycolysis and two ATP formed in the Krebs cycle, it can be said that cellular respiration reaches a maximum yield of 30 ATP per glucose molecule, although theoretically this number was 38 ATP per glucose molecule.
