1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
Irina-Kira [14]
3 years ago
10

Where do new genes come from

Biology
2 answers:
Alenkinab [10]3 years ago
7 0
One of the key ways in which new genes appear is following a type of mutation known as a 'gene duplication'. During cell duplication, sections of DNA are often copied by accident onto the same or a different chromosome. If a segment of DNA contains an intact *gene*, then you end up with a second copy of the same gene. Sometimes this is lethal, as it results in the overproduction of some protein, or production of some protein or structure at the wrong time during development. But often these duplicated genes have no effect at all, as the production of the protein or structure they produce, is controlled by some regulator (like another protein, such as a hormone). 

<span>In short, a duplicated gene can be lethal, but it may have no immediate effect at all. It is neither harmful nor beneficial, and can persist in the population for generations. </span>

<span>Once a duplicate copy of a gene gets produced this way, then *any* other kind of mutation (a substutition, inversion, frameshift error, etc.) can alter one of the two copies, and alter the resulting protein. The result is a *new gene*. </span>

<span>Note that this second mutation may occur *at the same time* as the gene duplication (i.e. a duplication where an error occurs during the creation of the second copy) ... or this second mutation may occur hundreds or thousands of generations later. </span>

<span>The end result is the same. A new gene that produces a new protein with different properties. </span>

<span>---- </span>

<span>Example: </span>

<span>The gene that codes for the production of the third pigment (protein) in the retina of humans, apes, and the monkeys of Africa and Asia that gives them all three-color vision, has been traced to a gene duplication of the second of these proteins. (Other mammals, including the monkeys of Central and South America, do not have this gene, which is why they have two-color vision ... commonly called 'color-blind.') </span>

<span>"The evolution of trichromatic color vision by opsin gene duplication in New World and Old World primates." </span>
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10413... 

<span>---- </span>

<span>Other examples: </span>

<span>"The birth of new genes by RNA- and DNA-mediated duplication during mammalian evolution." </span>
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19803... 

<span>"Further examples of evolution by gene duplication revealed through DNA sequence comparisons." </span>
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/78961... 

<span>"Molecular evidence that the H-2D and H-2L genes arose by duplication." </span>
<span>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2351932

i tried to put all evidence and details! 
</span><span>
</span>
horrorfan [7]3 years ago
3 0
Genes come from the combination between maternal and paternal parents. 
You might be interested in
Science
Fiesta28 [93]

Answer:

an ocean shore

Explanation:

the water and wind erode the sand

5 0
2 years ago
PLZ HELP ME WITH THIS 1 QUESTION!?!
madreJ [45]

Answer:

Explanation:

Biodiversity, also called biological diversity, the variety of life found in a place on Earth or, often, the total variety of life on Earth. A common measure of this variety, called species richness, is the count of species in an area.

6 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
8.<br> What is the name of the projection on C2?
Sergio039 [100]

Answer:

The odontoid process

Explanation:

6 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
PLEASE HELP ME ASAP
Oduvanchick [21]

Answer:

Evaporation

Explanation:

*-*-*-*-**-*-*-*-*-*-*

When the sun gets hot, water from any lakes, oceans, rivers, or any part with a large body of water evaporates.

This means that water turns into a gas form called "water vapor" that rises into the atmosphere.

Hope this helps <3

3 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
The large artery that receives blood from the left ventricle and distributes it to the rest of the body is called the
Elis [28]

Answer: Aorta

Explanation: The aorta is the largest artery in the body. It carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle of the heart into systemic circulation. The aorta has many subdivisions that branch off into smaller arteries.

7 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • Where do the alleles contained in a zygote come from
    12·1 answer
  • Sections of active fault lines that haven't experienced a significant earthquake for a long time, even though adjacent sections
    15·1 answer
  • Why would water level drop and high plains over the years?
    5·1 answer
  • Movement of vesicles within the cell depends on what cellular structures
    9·1 answer
  • What is the name of the solid part of Earth, including rock, minerals, and metals?
    13·2 answers
  • Describe the functional unit of the nervous system
    14·1 answer
  • Select all that apply. Which of the following are not properties of enzymes?
    10·1 answer
  • Explain the importance of enzyme function within the body
    15·1 answer
  • PLEASE HELP ME :((((((
    9·1 answer
  • Which of the following statements is true?
    5·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!