We use the speed of light to calculate how far apart the stars are, and to estimate the size and age of the universe. Speed-of-light calculations are what confirmed that the universe is expanding. And because light takes a certain amount of time to get here, when we look at the stars, we're literally looking back in time, to what the universe was like millions of years ago:
<span>"The speed of light is particularly important in astronomy. Due to the vast distances involved it can take a very long time for light to travel from its source to Earth. For example, it takes 13 billion years for light to travel to Earth from the faraway galaxies viewed in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field images. Those photographs, taken today, capture images of the galaxies as they appeared 13 billion years ago (near the beginning of the universe)." </span>
Answer:
Bacteriophage
Explanation:
Antimicrobial resistance is the leading world concern for the medicine producing companies. The antimicrobial drugs are meant to kill the microbes but microbes are also developing resistant to these drugs. So we need a high dose of that particular drug to kill the same organism next time. The antimicrobial medicines are applied to all microorganism without distinguishing them but bacteriophage is emerging as solution for the problem.
Bacteriophages are viruses that attack the bacteria. Bacteriophages are highly specific to bacterial cell and attack the receptors on the membrane of specific bacteria species. So these can be used to kill or target the specific species of bacteria instead of applying the antimicrobial drug to all bacteria.
Some answers can be:
When there is no selective pressure
When there is low gene flow
When there is a bottleneck
Answer:
the observations that chloroplasts and mitochondria resemble bacteria
Explanation:
The Endosymbiotic Theory is a theory that enables us to understand the origin of eukaryotic cells. The Endosymbiotic Theory posits that the mitochondria and chloroplast, which are organelles found in the eukaryotic cells, were once prokaryotic microbes that were first ingested by amoeba-like organisms and subsequently evolved by developing a symbiotic relationship with them. Some of the most important lines of evidence that supports this theory are: 1-chloroplasts and mitochondria resemble prokaryotic cells, i.e., they have a similar size, replicate by binary fission and there are unicellular eukaryotic protists that have filamentous temperature-sensitive proteins at their division plane (similarly to bacteria), and 2- chloroplasts and mitochondria are organelles with their own DNA and their own ribosomes (which are similar to those of bacteria).
Answer:
reducing the number of antimicrobials that is in use.
