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3 years ago

How do scientists use seismic waves to determine the interior structure of Earth?

2 answers:

8 0

There are two kinds of seismic waves: p waves and s waves. P waves are capable of passing through both solid and liquid, and travels faster. S waves are slower, and can't pass through liquid. The speed of these waves are variable to the substance they pass through. Scientists are able to determine the interior surfaces of the Earth by measuring the seismic waves that an earthquake emits. We know that the outer core is liquid because s waves can't penetrate them, and we also know that the inner core is solid because there are some p waves that reflect off the boundary between the inner and the outer core. By measuring the time a seismic wave travels, it gives an impression of how the Earth is composed. When there is a change in the velocity of the wave, then the wave is passing through a different substance.

Rom4ik [11]3 years ago

4 0

<span>Much of our understanding of the basic structure and composition of Earth and the other planets in our solar system is not strenuously debated. We can infer a surprising amount of information from the size, mass and moment of inertia of the planets, all of which can be determined from routine astronomical observations. Measurements of surface chemical composition, either by direct sampling (as has been done on Earth, the moon, and Mars) or through spectroscopic observations, can be used to estimate elemental abundances and the degree of chemical differentiation that occurred as the planets condensed from the solar nebula. Remote observations of the gravitational field can be used to understand how a planet's mass is distributed, whereas the strength and shape of the magnetic field provides some constraint on the structure of a metallic core. The specifics of structure and composition, however, are much more debatable. And it is these details that tell us a much more extensive and ultimately more interesting story about the internal dynamics of the planets and their evolution. As a result, trying to determine them is frontier research in almost all fields of earth and planetary science.
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hope that helped *smiles*

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1.what did magnesium and oxygen atoms had to do to bond ?

devlian [24]

Answer:

1. Magnesium and oxygen atoms bond to form an ionic compound; this is evident because one forms a cation and the other an anion. When an ionic compound is formed, one atom "steals" an electron (or electrons) from another. In this case, an oxygen atom (which is pretty electronegative by the way) "steals" 2 electrons from a magnesium atom. The resulting oxygen anion and magnesium cation attract one another to form a bond (more specifically, an ionic one).

2. The oxygen atom needed two sodium atoms to bond because it needs two additional electrons to achieve a stable octet of electrons. 1 sodium atom provides 1 additional electron after it is "stolen" by oxygen, so 2 sodium atoms are needed in total to form the bond.

3. The magnesium atom needed two fluorine atoms to bond because it needs to lose two electrons to achieve a stable configuration/octet of electrons. 1 fluorine atom "steals" one electron, so 2 are needed in total.

Happy Holidays!

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3 years ago

The population change equation is Population Change = (Natality - Mortality) + (Immigration - Emigration). Which equation would

Snezhnost [94]

Answer:

B. natality + immigration = mortality + emigration

Explanation:

Migration refers to the movement of a group of people from one geographical region (location) to another geographical destination in search of better living conditions, work or social amenities.

Migration selectivity can be defined as the likelihood or tendency that a subset (part) of a group of people are going to move (migrate) out of a particular geographical location or area.

Some of the factors that influence migration selectivity are income level, age, education, gender etc.

Population change equation states that the change in the size of a population over a specific period of time is equal to the sum of the number of births and the number of immigrants that joined.

Mathematically, the population change equation is given by the formula;

Population Change = (Natality - Mortality) + (Immigration - Emigration)

Therefore, the equation which would create a stable population is given by the formula;

Natality + immigration = mortality + emigration.

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2 years ago

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padilas [110]

Experiments in general are more reliable when a greater sample size is used. When using a small sample size, a mistake or fluke can greatly effect the outcome of the experiment. With a large sample size, there is more data to understand averages and deviations to the average data. The average will likely be more accurate with more data, which would make his sample size more reliable.

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The correct option is D.

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